In these pieces, passages from carefully selected texts have been applied using white paint onto antique school blackboards from around England and Wales. Text is layered upon text yet the slate (literally in some pieces) is at no point wiped clean. The educational palimpsest of didactic transmission, lesson upon lesson, fact transmitted after fact, is made literal. Like a model student the blackboard retains all the information it receives. Yet put together like this passages become unintelligible, until the blackboard starts to resemble a white-board. The non-space between the lines now dominate. With the addition of the brass plaque the shift from textual symbolism towards aesthetic contemplation is complete: you engage with the words on a visual rather than textual level.